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Gangster settle AD 1195 - Part II

Mieszko III the Old. Drawing by Jan Matejko, source: Wikipedia

second part of the story of a forgotten, fratricidal battle. Part I to read here.

Mieszko the horse walk, moved to the forefront of Wielkopolska branches. Right behind him followed by his son Bolesław, more henchmen, and then the rest of countless troops. Mieszko was power-hungry and praise for his branch of the family. Although it was getting on in years (counting the approximately 70 springs), it still had enough strength, both the physical and mental health to lead the fight. Leszek followers wanted to show that it does not pay to support the puppy on the throne. Scouts reported that Lesser knights with Ruthenians Romana II hid in the grove. Wooded area was difficult to keep fighting. Trees of limited visibility and freedom of movement, especially a horse warriors. Greater Prince worried something else: Plątonogi and Jarosław Opolski late with their meals, but assured him of help. Could stchórzyli?

Enough was thinking, you had to act. Mieszko ordered the attack, the command was repeated by the loud voices, the knights relaxed chic and have followed the leader directly to the forest. Clatter of hooves made the earth shook. Peasants from neighboring villages who have seen preparing to fight armies, they thought that the apocalypse is coming. The riders passed the tree with lightning speed. The rustle of pennants and war cries of the advancing warriors aroused fear and terror. Then the next line of trees appeared at the end of the enemy, who thought neither stand idly by and wait for the attack. Bellows scored directly on the branches kontratakujących Ruthenians. Two mass invading each other finally clashed in mortal combat. Spears broke up, many targets have been pierced, the Russians siekli terribly axes and swords, Greater Poland did not remain in debt. There was no pity in those first moments. Boleslaw, son of Mieszko attacked with abandon, he fell deeply for the first series of enemy troops. Then the spear pierces it. Unbalanced falls from his horse, and dying in indescribable pain in the foot fighting.

Russians slowly subside field, but at a high price. Losses grow Wielkopolska. Also, the Mieszko III, injured, falls. Enemy fighter wants to hammer it, but do not know who he is dealing. Mieszko throws helmet and screams of litosnym pleading that he is a prince. He's lucky - life is given to him, gets up again. Russians withdraw, the Prince Roman II, is also injured, but here were coming more and more numerous Nicholas Gryfity Malopolska and the knights of this region. People lives but give them a solid, solid, but obviously getting in return. Mieszko commands the contrary, the melt strength. He could wait for the meals, did not do it - now its an error decides the fate of a shattered kingdom. Wielkopolanie withdraw from the grove, regroup, and in relative good order depart in the direction of Kalisz. Gryfita and supporters of White did not chase him. The losses are too high, you have to retreat to Krakow. So it makes. Leave behind a field littered with corpses of men and horses. Short take-off resulted in many casualties, the sources are too poor to give even an estimate of the number.

inconspicuous stream falls over the deafening silence. The smell of death is now very strong. It would seem that this is the end of the battle, however - nothing more wrong ... turn into a battlefield in a moment again in the fierce battle. Will be overtime.

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bulwark of Christianity

Battle of Varna - a miniature chronicle of Martin Bielski 1564, source: Wikipedia

recently caught in my small feet, of about 150 pages book by renowned historian Janusz Tazbir "Polish bulwark of Christianity. Myths and Reality." For the most part, it tells of the Polish role in the fight against barbarity in the Middle East XVI and XVII. I blog because of issues (ie, about 476-1492 years) interested in the section on the Middle Ages. The book shows very well how important was the position of the medieval monarchy Jagiellonian informal defense system across Europe.

In the book we read that the State were widely regarded as a barrier from the Muslim world and other threats. In early medieval state that was Byzantium. After his fall, much has changed. Hungary, Cyprus, Crete, the Republic of Venice, Spain, Austria, and Poland - with respect to those countries and areas used determine the bulwark (Lat. antemurale).

extremely interested me facts about Wladyslaw III of Varna - the king of Polish and Hungarian. So far I did not know how combined with high hopes of its unlucky, because the ruler's death ended - Rendering (of the notorious death, I already wrote in another context here.) Wladyslaw appeared as the savior of the entire West, a new great crusader - equal to Richard the Lionheart, or Godfrydowi de Bouillon. Renowned Italian humanist Francesco era Filelfo posted at King, among others, words like:

't you eccentric world of stars ± kings, you t is the bulwark of the whole ł than Christian republic t cija s Union, ".

'You (...) after winning Syri ę and Egypt to open the photo ś ż ca ³ emu poviat Christian t t cija s skiemu Earth Ś ę wi ę t ± . "

hoped, therefore, that Wladyslaw beat Turkey, will reflect the Balkans, and later triumphantly enters into Constantinople, as his savior, pomknie followed by Asia Minor up to Palestine. There were, however, rather wishful thinking - there was no clear plan, not even a coherent leadership, courage Sam King, who was the first Polish king was called a defender of Christianity, was not enough.

The notion bulwark for Polish as a country appears in a rather interesting circumstances. Mianowice has to do with the war, thirteen, turned to the Teutonic Knights.



In 1462 year to Krakow - Jagiellonian capital of the empire, Cretan arrived Archbishop Jerome Lando. November 27 this year, gave a speech recorded by Dlugosz. The Archbishop was a quiet supporter of the Knights - so he urged the king Casimir the end of the war against the Order, so that he could turn all his forces against the Turks - the true threat, doom Christian nations.


In a speech to determine the dead - a shield, a wall, a rampart (Scutum, murus, antemurale) for Polish. The words of incitement to battle with Turkey have not fallen on deaf ears. Above all the Poles tried to avoid war with the High Porte, yet for a long time - the memory of defeat at Varna (an unusual case - Vladislav II as the only one in the history of the Polish king was killed in battle), we refrained from any intervention - but the prospect of Turkish armies besieging Krakow was getting closer. When it comes to the same speech the Archbishop of Crete, we do not know exactly if the words do not put a bulwark in his mouth, John Dlugosz. But it is not according to the author of the book important - so we got a thorough chronicler, although the symbolic date - November 27, 1462 - the day on which the Polish Kingdom was called the bulwark of Christianity - and had to pay for it in subsequent years and centuries, a high tribute of blood.

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gangster settle AD 1195 - Part I

stamp Leszek the White, source: Wikipedia

Summer was coming to an end - half of September was still warm, but gave up in the air already sensed the approaching autumn. This was exactly 13 September 1195 year. People with a better sense of smell, who just found themselves on Mozgawa, a small stream near today's Jędrzejów Świętokrzyskie able to feel something more - the impending death.

fields around the river were to become the scene of one of the bloodiest battles of the Middle Ages Polish. What's interesting is the battle almost completely forgotten. Someone once said that the methods of governance in those days resembled the present-day forms of organized crime. Murder, kidnapping, intrigue, war, plotting, etc. - is a great rivalry Piast confirmation of this theory.

There was complete silence - you could hear only the sound of heavy breathing of the horses' nostrils. Amid a grove of trees standing in line, armed knights Malopolska terrible - they were supporters of a certain age of eight - Prince Leszek the White, who after the death of his father, Casimir Took a fair duchy of Cracow. Colt could not command the army reaching the deadly battle. Gryfita Claus - Krakow and the governor, a seasoned warrior, he led to battle hordes of White.

nadciągały forces from the north, called the Old Mieszko III. He was a prince of Great Poland, which sought to extend its domination all udzielne principality. His supporters, who accompanied him on a daring expedition were Mieszko I Plątonogi and Jarosław Opolski. Led the powerful forces that have crushed the army Prince Leszek.

Warriors still waiting for their positions in the woods, on the road, from the east, emerged from the thicket a single rider - scout, who came with a handful of military information. Krakow provincial governor, clad in precious chain mail, the pattern appeared together with his adjutant. Had had the rider, who nervously waving his hand and pointed in different directions in a loud voice he spoke to the chief. Gryfita listened to what a rider had to say.

A news carried interesting. From the east approaching reinforcements from Russia. Halicki is a Roman II, Prince of Vladimir-Volyn drawing close to help the army of Leszek the White. He was obviously in the interests of their particular church ... wanted to gain an ally in this way among the Poles and later the allied action against enemies of Russia. In any case, assistance in the form of tall Russian warriors, przyobleczonych in the oriental-looking armor, helmets and sinister sometimes covering the entire face, it was greatly appreciated. Russians woke respect. Troop Prince Roman, who walked with dignity from a war song at the mouth, joined in a short time pattern of the White armies.

After a few moments appeared in successive riders, this time from the north. These carried with them ominous news. The Army lives was literally a step back. He set their camps on the opposite edge of the grove. He went into the forest. Here are the supporters of the White wanted him to concoct a bloodbath.